What Is The Difference between Unit Testing and Functional Testing?

Question
What is the difference between unit testing and functional testing in the context of professionals using one over the other?

Answer
A user wants to verify that the software behavior is correct from a black-box perspective; this more closely describes functional testing. A programmer is more concerned about the theoretical aspects of the code and its inner workings; this more closely describes unit testing. QA professionals blend user testing with programmer testing. See also What is an SDET?.

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