What is a Deployment in Kubernetes?

Question
What is a deployment in Kubernetes?

Answer
A deployment is a resource that is designed for “deploying applications and updating them declaratively” (page 261 of Kubernetes in Action by Luksa). You may hear the phrase “Deployment controller.” This is a reference to a component of the Controller Manager in the Kubernetes Control Plane (page 262 of Kubernetes in Action by Luksa).

What is Telemetry in I.T.?

Question
In the context of computers, what is telemetry?

Answer
Telemetry in I.T. is the logged system data transmitted from other servers.

A more detailed definition of telemetry is the utilization of a centralized system to automatically ingest log data from other sources to enable one or more of the following: redundant storage of critical log data, monitoring, data visualization,

What are Higher-level Resources and Constructs Compared to Lower-level Resources and Constructs?

Question
You have read about high/low level or higher-level (or lower-level) resources and constructs in the context of Kubernetes. What does this designation mean?

Answer
From a high level to a low level we may see a data center, filled with racks, which hold physical servers. Similarly from a high level to a low level we may see Kubernetes nodes supporting pods that have individual Docker containers.

How Do You Upgrade to Python 3.x on Ubuntu 16?

Problem scenario
You are using Python 2.7.12 on Ubuntu 16. You want to upgrade to Python 3.x You are having problems. You tried several things as follows:
sudo apt-get -y install python 3.7
But you see this:

python is already the newest version (2.7.12-1~16.04).
python set to manually installed.
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.

How Do You Write a Python Program to Accept Input in a Non-interactive Way at Run-time?

Problem scenario
You are used to using “input” with Python 3 to prompt the user for a value. How do you pass input when you execute a Python program?

Solution
1. Use import sys

2. Use sys.argv[1] to refer to the first argument passed when you run your program like this:

python3 goodprog.py foo

The program will see “sys.argv[1]” as the string “foo”.

How Do You Troubleshoot the ng Error “—–Mg: scratch (fundamental)—-All——————“?

Problem scenario
You run this command ng –version, but you receive a blank screen at the terminal like this:

—–Mg: scratch (fundamental)—-All——————

What do you do?

Solution

1. Use “ctrl-z” to exit out.

2. Run these commands:

sudo apt remove ng-common
sudo npm uninstall -g @angular/cli
sudo npm install -g @angular/cli

3.

How Do You Upgrade Python 2.x to Python 3.7 in Debian or Ubuntu Linux?

Problem scenario
You have a virtual server running Ubuntu 18.x in Azure. It has Python 2.x. How do you upgrade to Python 3.x?

Solution
1. Run these two commands:
sudo apt -y update
sudo apt -y install python 3.7

2. Find where the binary python3.7 is by running this: sudo find / -name python3.7
Make a mental note of the result.