How Do You Get a Multi-line Variable in Python to Be Treated as Lines and Not Characters?

0 Comments

Problem scenario
When a number of lines of text are read from a file, the Python program sees each line as such. When a number of lines of text are in the program itself, that is you use a multi-line variable assignment in a .py program, Python sees the characters individually and does not distinguish between the different lines. The len() function reflects these differences. You want the Python program to read the text in the program as if it were read from the “with open” and “readlines()” function line-by-line — not character-by-character.

…

Continue reading “How Do You Get a Multi-line Variable in Python to Be Treated as Lines and Not Characters?”

What Is The Time Complexity when There Are Four Variables Used Arithmetically in a Program?

0 Comments

Question
You have a program with four variables that are used in arithmetic, but no other operations happen. (There are no while or for loops at all.) What is the time complexity of such an algorithm?

Answer
O(1). An algorithm, as long as the number of operations is fixed or constant, can be considered to have O(1) time complexity. The source is page 39 of Elements of Programming Interviews in Python.

…

Continue reading “What Is The Time Complexity when There Are Four Variables Used Arithmetically in a Program?”

How Do You Rotate Certificates?

0 Comments

Problem scenario
You have load balancers, web servers, and other HTTP technologies that rely on SSL or TLS certificates. Some certificates will be revoked for security reasons. How do you provision new certificates to update them (because they will expire or you want to harden your environment by refreshing the certs as aged certs are more likely to be compromised than young ones)?

Solution
You may want to plan for having lower capacity than normal and therefore schedule the time to do this in production during an off-peak time.

…

Continue reading “How Do You Rotate Certificates?”

Should You Ask What the Salary Pay Range Is?

0 Comments

Problem scenario
You have applied for a job. You are curious what it can pay. Would the interviewer be upset if you asked what the expected pay range is for the position?

Solution
In some jurisdictions private employers must disclose the pay range. If you live in one of those places and you are asking for a remote position, it may be legally required for the employer to disclose it.

…

Continue reading “Should You Ask What the Salary Pay Range Is?”

What is an Apache Web Server Container?

0 Comments

Problem scenario
You are reading about Apache Web Server containers. These are not related to Docker containers. You often see them near or tags. What are Apache Web Server containers?

Answer
They are portions of text that contain Apache web server configuration. (The source of this is https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/sections.html.) The configuration includes directives often related to the VirtualHost in Apache web server.

…

Continue reading “What is an Apache Web Server Container?”

What is Long Tail Latency or Tail Latency in the Context of Application/Website/System Performance?

0 Comments

Question
What is long-tail latency or tail latency?

Answer
Tail latency is the worst performing time-measured response from an application. Outliers can be described as requests that take far longer than others in a statistical sample. Such irregular durations, with long latencies, are said to be at the tail-end of a chart or graph. Long-tail latency would generally refer to the worst 1% or worst 2% of the requests.

…

Continue reading “What is Long Tail Latency or Tail Latency in the Context of Application/Website/System Performance?”

How Do You Find the Requests, Limits, and Replicas of Pods Deployed from Helm Charts?

0 Comments

Problem scenario
You do not have the YAML (.yml or .yaml) files for your Helm deployments.

How do you find the pod manifests for the yaml files when you do not have access to the Helm repos?

Solution
Run this:

helm ls -a -A

The output will show a “Name” on the left most column and a namespace in an inner column.

…

Continue reading “How Do You Find the Requests, Limits, and Replicas of Pods Deployed from Helm Charts?”

In Azure DevOps Pipeline Test Results, Why Do You See a Release That Was Not Run in a While?

0 Comments

Problem scenario
You look at some previous pipelines’ test results. The tests show failing tests. There is a temporal field for “Failing since” and another field called “Failing release.” You have not run the release that is listed as failing in a while. Why isn’t it showing the most recent release?

Possible Solution
The root cause is consecutive failures and possibly a poorly named column heading.

…

Continue reading “In Azure DevOps Pipeline Test Results, Why Do You See a Release That Was Not Run in a While?”