CONTINUAL INTEGRATION

Question
You see "lnext" or "LNEXT", and you want to know what it means. In the context of Linux, what does LNEXT refer to?

Answer
It is a special character in Linux that pertains to the terminal driver. It means "Literal next." To invoke the literal next character (and bypass other interpretations), an operator would typr Control-V.

The answer above was taken from page 1296 and 1298 of The Linux Programming Interface.

Question
You want to know if child processes of a parent process inherit the environment variables of the process that spawned it. Does the child process get the variables?

Answer
Yes (according to page 568 of The Linux Programming Interface).

Problem scenario
You have read about disk throttling. What does it do?

Solution
Disk throttling is the limiting of I/O activity. Files are often downloaded at an even rate over the network. Batches of writes can happen while throttling read operations. This can allow for interruptions from other OS processes without excessive latency and a consistent user experience. A server's performance can be improved by putting a cap on disk input/output operations. The throttling algorithm is not trivial. A benefit of disk throttling is that logs fill up gradually (rather than suddenly). For experimental or specialized disk use cases, disk throttling can be turned off intentionally.

Problem scenario
You are running a quotacheck command on a Linux system. You get an error "quotacheck: Your kernel probably supports journaled quota but you are not using it. Consider switching to journaled quota to avoid running quotacheck after an unclean shutdown. "

Your /etc/fstab looks like this:

# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
/dev/foo  /bar ext4 errors=remount-ro 0 1

What should you do?

Possible solution
Backup the /etc/fstab file (e.g., make a copy in your home directory).
Modify the /etc/fstab file.

In the rightmost group of characters with letters (not the dump or pass columns with integers, usually 0s, 1s or 2s), append these characters without the quotes:

",usrjquota=aquota.user,grpjquota=aquota.group,jqfmt=vfsv0"

Here is a correct line:

# <file system> <mount point>   <type>  <options>       <dump>  <pass>
/dev/foo  /bar ext4 errors=remount-ro,usrjquota=aquota.user,grpjquota=aquota.group,jqfmt=vfsv1 0 1

Save the changes. Run this command (but replace "/bar" with the destination of the mount point in the /etc/fstab):

sudo mount -o remount /bar

The above solution was found in part with these two postings:
https://ubuntuforums.org/archive/index.php/t-1014051.html
https://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-set-up-journaled-quota-on-debian-lenny

vfsv0 applies to 32 bit OSes. vfsv1 applies to 64 bit OSes.

Problem scenario
You are using LibreOffice Draw to modify an .odg file. You know other slides exist, but you only see the first slide/page. How do you view other pages?

Solution
Press Page Down (aka PgDn) on your keyboard.

Problem scenario
How do you convert an .odg file to a .jpeg?

Solution (for Linux users with LibreOffice)
Open LibreOffice Draw. Go to File -> Export. Then choose in the dropdown the .jpeg format.

Question
In I.T. culture, there is a term "pwn". What does it mean?

Answer
In video game culture, there is a term "pwn" [1]. The past tense is "pwned" [1]. According to Wikipedia [2] it can refer to Phrack World News. It could be a reference to unauthorized computer usage (as it amounts to internet slang) and can refer to Phrack World News [3]. It could refer to hacking into a system.

[1] https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/pwn-what-it-means-and-how-you-say-it

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PWN

[3] http://phrack.org/issues/69/3.html